Latest insights on rule-based investing, portfolio backtesting, and quantitative strategies.
Best Stock Screeners in India 2026 An Honest Comparison
by sandhyarajora18 Aug 2026
Most of us have searched for the best stock screener in India at some point and ended up with eight tabs open, not sure which one to actually use. Someone on Twitter swears by Screener.in, your colleague uses Trendlyne, and then there’s TradingView which looks powerful but also a bit much if you’re not a ...
Building a Sector Rotation Basket on Kalpi: Step-by-Step
by sandhyarajora18 Aug 2026
Last Updated: July 2026 A sector rotation strategy India is an approach where investors gradually shift their focus towards sectors showing improving business and market strength instead of spreading money equally across every industry. Rather than assuming the same sectors will always perform well, investors build a sector rotation basket by tracking changing market conditions, ...
Static vs Dynamic Stock Basket: Why Rule-Based Outperforms in the Long Run
by sandhyarajora18 Aug 2026
Last Updated: July 2026 A dynamic stock basket follows predefined rules to update its holdings as market conditions change, while a static basket usually stays the same after it is built. Over time, a rule-based portfolio can adapt to shifting business performance and market trends, helping investors avoid holding companies that no longer deserve a ...
P/E Ratio Explained: How to Use It Without Getting Fooled
by sandhyarajora18 Aug 2026
Last Updated: July 2026 The P/E ratio, short for Price-to-Earnings ratio, is one of the first numbers investors run into while sizing up a stock. It compares a company’s share price with its earnings per share (EPS) to show how much investors are paying for every rupee of profit. Use it well and it can ...
High ROE Low Debt Stocks in India: What Investors Should Know (2026)
by sandhyarajora18 Aug 2026
Last Updated: July 2026 Introduction Picture two friends starting similar businesses with the same amount of capital. Both end up earning ₹20 lakh in annual profit. On paper, they look equally successful. The difference shows up in how each business got there. The first business ran mostly on borrowed money, so a chunk of its ...
Survivorship Bias in Stock Investing: How It Misleads Investors (with Indian Examples)
by sandhyarajora18 Aug 2026
Last Updated: July 2026 Survivorship bias in investing is the mistake of focusing only on successful companies, funds or strategies while ignoring the ones that failed. It quietly builds an unrealistic picture of returns and makes investors underestimate the risk they are actually taking. Have you heard someone say, “If you had invested in Infosys, ...
Multifactor Investing India: Combining Value, Momentum, and Quality in One Basket
by sandhyarajora18 Aug 2026
Last Updated: July 2026 Buying a new pair of headphones isn’t just about the price. Most people compare sound quality, battery life, comfort, durability and customer reviews before making a decision. One model may offer excellent sound but poor battery backup. Another may have a long-lasting battery but average audio quality. The pair that gets ...
Stock Basket vs ETF vs Mutual Fund: Choosing the Right Investment Vehicle
by sandhyarajora18 Aug 2026
Last Updated: July 2026 Introduction You have ₹50,000 saved and want to start investing. The first challenge isn’t finding an investment option, it’s deciding which one actually fits your needs. Should you directly buy a group of selected stocks through a stock basket? Should you invest in an ETF that tracks an index? Or should ...
Behavioural Biases That Destroy Investment Returns (And How Rule-Based Investing Fixes Them)
by sandhyarajora18 Aug 2026
Last Updated: July 2026 Behavioural biases in investing are common thinking errors that influence the way people buy, sell and hold investments. These biases often lead investors to make emotional decisions instead of rational ones. Understanding them, and following a rule-based approach, can help investors stay consistent and avoid costly mistakes over the long run. ...
Relative Rotation Graph Explained: A Beginner’s Guide to Reading RRG Charts
by sandhyarajora18 Aug 2026
last updated :July 2026 A Relative Rotation Graph, or RRG, is a chart that shows how a stock or sector is performing compared to a benchmark like the Nifty 50. It tells you if that sector is gaining strength, losing steam, or quietly turning around, all in one glance, instead of you checking dozens of ...
Index Fund vs Rule-Based Stock Basket: 5-Year Backtest
by sandhyarajora18 Aug 2026
Last Updated: July 2026 Imagine your laptop suddenly stops working a day before an important deadline. You don’t judge it based on how it performed yesterday. You think about how reliable it’s been over the past few years. If it has rarely let you down, you’re far more likely to trust it again. Investing works ...
Low Volatility Stocks in India: Defensive Investing Guide
by sandhyarajora18 Aug 2026
Last Updated: July 2026 Imagine two shops on the same street. One sees customers only during festive seasons, while the other sells everyday essentials and stays busy throughout the year. Both are successful businesses, but one experiences far fewer ups and downs than the other. The stock market works in a similar way. Some companies ...
Free Portfolio Health Check: 5 Hidden Risks in “Diversified” Indian Portfolios
by sandhyarajora18 Aug 2026
Last Updated: July 2026 Picture a housing society’s fire safety cupboard. Someone has stocked it generously: extinguishers, torches, first-aid kits. Open it properly, though, and you find six torches, three expired extinguishers, and no bandages at all. From a distance, the cupboard looks well-equipped. Up close, it’s lopsided. Plenty of Indian equity portfolios have the ...
Pre-built Basket Templates on Kalpi: Which One Should You Pick?
by sandhyarajora18 Aug 2026
Last Updated: July 2026 Open Spotify before heading to the gym. Most people don’t spend time adding songs one by one. They simply choose a playlist that matches the mood and press play. Building a portfolio isn’t much different. You can research individual companies, study their financials and build a portfolio from scratch. That also ...
AI Stock Picking vs Rule-Based Investing: Which Works Better in Indian Markets?
by sandhyarajora18 Aug 2026
Last Updated: July 2026 AI stock picking in India is catching on fast as investors look for smarter ways to spot good opportunities. AI can chew through huge amounts of market data in no time, while rule-based investing sticks to a fixed set of rules instead of trying to predict what happens next. Both have ...
Beta in Stock Investing: What It Means and How to Use It Properly
by sandhyarajora18 Aug 2026
Last Updated: July 2026 Imagine you’re travelling to work during the monsoon. Two people leave home at the same time. One rides a motorcycle, while the other takes the metro. When the rain suddenly gets heavier, the motorcyclist slows down immediately, but the metro continues almost as usual. Both are travelling towards the same destination, ...
Why “Buy and Hold Forever” Doesn’t Always Work in Indian Markets
by sandhyarajora18 Aug 2026
LAST UPDATED:JULY2026 Many investors believe buying a good stock and holding it forever is the safest way to build wealth. This approach has worked well in plenty of cases, but it does not suit every company or every market cycle. Successful long-term investing in India is not about ignoring your portfolio. It is about reviewing ...
Value Investing in India: Modern Rules That Still Work in 2026
by sandhyarajora18 Aug 2026
Last Updated: July 2026 Visit any local market near closing time and you’ll notice an interesting pattern. A few shopkeepers start lowering prices to clear their remaining stock. Some products are genuine bargains. Others are discounted because demand has dried up or newer models have already replaced them. From a distance, both simply look cheaper. ...
Tax-Aware Basket Building: How to Keep More of Your Returns Instead of Losing Them to Tax
by sandhyarajora18 Aug 2026
Last Updated: July 2026 Tax-saving stock investing is not just about earning higher returns. It is also about keeping more of the returns you already earn. By understanding concepts like LTCG optimization, tax loss harvesting India and smart rebalancing tax, investors can legally reduce unnecessary tax outflows and improve long-term wealth creation. When people think ...
Best Time to Rebalance Your Portfolio in India (2026): A Practical,Data-Backed Guide
by sandhyarajora18 Aug 2026
Last Updated: July 2026 Most of us have a phone or laptop charger that just stays plugged in all day. It feels convenient, the battery never runs low, and there is nothing to think about. But battery manufacturers will tell you that keeping a device on charge all the time is not actually the healthiest ...
Best Algo Trading Apps in India (2026): Honest Comparison for Retail Investors
by sandhyarajora18 Aug 2026
Last Updated: July 2026 If you have been following investing content lately, one term keeps coming up everywhere: algo trading. Social media is full of claims that algorithms never panic, never get emotional, and can trade while you are asleep. It sounds exciting, especially if you do not have hours to track the market every ...
How to Build a Dividend Yield Basket in India (2026): A Practical Guide for Long-Term Investors
by sandhyarajora18 Aug 2026
Last Updated: July 2026 Walk into any fruit market and you will notice something. One shop sells only bananas. Another sells only apples. A third keeps every fruit you can think of. Now imagine buying fruit for the whole week. Would you fill your bag with only bananas? Probably not. Bananas are nutritious, cheap and ...
Drawdown Recovery: The Math Behind Why Losses Hurt More Than Gains Help
by sandhyarajora18 Aug 2026
Last Updated: July 2026 Imagine your phone battery drops from 100% to 50% during the day. Charging it back to 100% isn’t difficult, because you’re simply adding power to what remains. Investing does not work the same way. When your portfolio loses value, recovering that loss becomes much harder than most investors expect. Many people ...
Quality Stocks in India: How to Identify Long-Term Compounders
by sandhyarajora18 Aug 2026
Last Updated: July 2026 Quality stocks in India are companies with strong business models, consistent earnings growth, healthy financials and the ability to create long-term value for shareholders. Spotting them means looking past short-term price moves and focusing on the business itself, its management, its profitability and where it can realistically grow from here. What ...
Kalpi vs Screener: Which Stock Basket Should You Use in 2026?
by sandhyarajora18 Aug 2026
Last Updated: July 2026 Imagine you’re shopping for a new laptop. You’ve probably done this yourself. Before spending your money, you compare different models, check the processor, battery life, RAM, reviews and price. Only after weighing all the options do you decide which laptop offers the best value for your needs. Investing works in much ...
How to Define Your Investment Universe: Nifty 50 vs Nifty 500 vs Total Market
by sandhyarajora18 Aug 2026
Last Updated: July 2026 Imagine you are visiting a wildlife safari for the first time. Your guide tells you there are hundreds of different animals spread across the forest. If you try to spot every single one in just a few hours, you will probably end up confused and miss the experience altogether. So the ...
How to Pick Stocks Using Fundamental and Technical Analysis Together (2026): A Practical Guide for Smarter Investing
by sandhyarajora18 Aug 2026
Last Updated: July 2026 Say you are house hunting. Before you even think of signing anything, two things run through your mind. Is the house actually worth buying? Solid construction, a decent location, something that holds its value ten years down the line. And second, is this the right time to buy it? If the ...
How to Read a Balance Sheet for Stock Picking (Indian Examples)
by sandhyarajora18 Aug 2026
Imagine you are hiring a tuition teacher. Before making your decision, you would probably ask two questions. First, does the teacher actually have the knowledge and experience to help students perform better? Second, is the teacher financially stable enough to continue teaching consistently, instead of shutting down the coaching centre after a few months? When ...
Top RSI, MACD, ADX Indicators for Rule-Based Investing
by sandhyarajora18 Aug 2026
Last Updated: July 2026 Picture three friends stopping at a momo stall after college. One orders veg steamed momos. Another goes for paneer. The third picks cheese corn. All three ordered momos, but each chose a different filling because each one wanted a different experience. Technical indicators work in a surprisingly similar way. RSI, MACD ...
Nifty 50 Composition Has Changed Dramatically: Lessons for Long-Term Investors
by sandhyarajora18 Aug 2026
Last Updated: July 2026 Think about your Instagram feed from a few years ago. The creators you followed, the trends you watched, the content that showed up every day, most of it has changed completely. Someone who used to be everywhere on your feed may have disappeared, while a creator you had never heard of ...
Look-Ahead Bias in Backtesting: How Indian Retail Backtesting Tools Can Mislead Investors
by sandhyarajora18 Aug 2026
Last Updated: July 2026 Someone walks up to you the evening before an important exam and quietly slips you tomorrow’s question paper. You study only those questions. The next day, you score almost full marks. Now imagine telling everyone your result came purely from intelligence and hard work. It looks impressive on paper. But it ...
What Is Maximum Drawdown? Why It Matters More Than You Think?
by sandhyarajora24 Jul 2026
Last Updated: July 2026 Maximum Drawdown measures the biggest fall in the value of an investment or portfolio from its highest point before it starts recovering. It helps investors understand the worst loss they could have faced during a specific stretch of time. Looking at Maximum Drawdown alongside returns gives a fuller picture of both ...
Sharpe vs Sortino vs Calmar: Which Risk Metric Should You Actually Use?
by sandhyarajora24 Jul 2026
Last Updated: July 2026 Choosing between Sortino ratio vs Sharpe depends on what you actually want to measure. The Sharpe Ratio checks returns against total risk, while the Sortino Ratio looks only at downside risk. The Calmar Ratio compares returns with the biggest fall a portfolio has taken. Rather than hunting for one best metric, ...
Common Backtesting Mistakes That Destroy Real Returns
by sandhyarajora23 Jul 2026
Last Updated: July 2026 Backtesting helps investors understand how an investment strategy might have performed using historical market data. But even a good strategy can produce misleading results if the testing itself has flaws. Common backtesting mistakes such as survivor bias, look-ahead bias, overfitting, and curve fitting can make a strategy look far stronger than ...
Tax on Stock Basket Rebalancing: STCG, LTCG & How to Optimise
by sandhyarajora23 Jul 2026
Last Updated: July 2026 Selling stocks while managing a stock basket can create a tax bill, because capital gains are generally worked out the moment eligible shares are sold. Depending on how long you held those shares, the gain falls under Short-Term Capital Gains (STCG) or Long-Term Capital Gains (LTCG). Knowing how STCG LTCG stock ...
How Often Should You Rebalance Your Portfolio? A Practical Guide for Indian Investors
by sandhyarajora22 Jul 2026
Last Updated: July 2026 There is no single rebalancing schedule that works for every investor. For many long-term investors in India, reviewing a portfolio every quarter, or whenever the asset allocation moves noticeably away from the original plan, is a practical approach. The right frequency depends on your financial goals, risk tolerance, and investing style. ...
Best Momentum Stocks in Nifty 500: How to Identify High Momentum Stocks in India
by sandhyarajora22 Jul 2026
Last Updated: July 2026 Why Do Some Stocks Keep Climbing While Others Stay Behind? Have you ever noticed that two shops can sell almost the same product, yet one always has a long queue while the other remains quiet? People naturally become curious. They assume the crowded shop must be doing something better. The stock ...
Why Most Active Mutual Funds Underperform the Nifty 50: SPIVA India 2026 Explained
by sandhyarajora20 Jul 2026
Last Updated: July 2026 IN SHORTMany investors choose active mutual funds hoping that professional fund managers will deliver better returns than the market. However, SPIVA India reports continue to show that a large number of active funds struggle to beat their benchmark over long periods. This does not make active funds bad investments, but it ...
How to Reduce Concentration Risk in Your Portfolio Using a Free Analyzer Tool
by sandhyarajora14 Jul 2026
PORTFOLIO RISK Last Updated: July 2026 IN SHORT Portfolio concentration risk starts when one stock, one sector, or one investment idea begins taking up more space in your portfolio than you originally intended. A portfolio can hold many stocks and still be risky if most of the money depends on a small part of the ...
Smart Beta Funds in India 2026: Complete Guide and Comparison
by sandhyarajora12 Jul 2026
Last Updated: June 2026 IN SHORTSmart beta funds are a type of index fund that follows a specific rule instead of simply giving the biggest companies the highest weight. Some focus on quality companies, some on momentum, and others on lower volatility. They aim to give investors a different way to invest in the market ...
Sector Rotation Strategy Using Relative Rotation Graph (RRG)
by sandhyarajora10 Jul 2026
Last updated: June 2026 · 7 min read Track sector rotation with a live Relative Rotation Graph (RRG) chart. Spot leading, weakening, lagging & improving sectors instantly using RRG analysis IN SHORTA Relative Rotation Graph (RRG) is a visual tool that shows which sectors are gaining strength and which ones are losing steam ...
Smallcase vs Kalpi: Which stock basket platform should you actually use in 2026?
by Kalpi9 Jul 2026
Rahul and Priya are not finance people. Neither of them grew up reading the business section. They work normal jobs, earn decent salaries, and somewhere around late 2024 both of them had roughly the same thought keeping money in a savings account at 3.5 percent while inflation sits at 6 is basically losing money slowly. ...
How to Backtest a Stock Strategy in India: Free Tools and a Simple Walkthrough
by sandhyarajora8 Jul 2026
If you’re searching for how to backtest a stock strategy in India, or looking for a free backtesting tool India investors can actually use, this guide walks through it slowly portfolio testing, momentum strategies, and what the numbers actually mean once you stop staring only at the returns column. Most people think they have a ...
Sharpe Ratio Explained: Why It Matters More Than CAGR
by sandhyarajora7 Jul 2026
Most people pick funds based on their returns. Here’s the part that the number doesn’t tell you. Arjun and Meera both started SIPs in 2023. Same amount ₹10,000 a month. Neither of them had invested before. Arjun went with a small-cap fund. His colleague had been talking about it for weeks. The 3-year CAGR was ...
How to Build a Stock Basket in India: A Step-by-Step Guide for Indian Investors (2026)
by sandhyarajora6 Jul 2026
Most investors in India start with one or two stocks, watch them go up and down, and never really know why. There is no system, no logic just a tip from a friend or something they saw on Twitter at 11pm. That works fine when markets are going up. When they fall, it gets expensive ...
Quant Investing in India Is Having a Moment
by sandhyarajora5 Jul 2026
How data, rules and a bit of discipline are quietly changing the way retail investors think about markets. Most Indian investors don’t lose money because they’re bad at maths. They lose money because they’re human. The moment Nifty drops 8% in a week, fear kicks in and the sell button gets pressed at exactly the ...
PMS vs Mutual Funds vs Stock Baskets: Which One Is Actually Right for You?
by sandhyarajora4 Jul 2026
An honest, practical comparison no jargon, no fluff. Here’s a situation most Indian investors know a little too well. You save up some money, decide you should probably start investing properly, open Google, and type out something like “best way to invest in stocks in India.” Forty-five minutes later, you’ve got fifteen tabs open. Everyone ...
Momentum Investing in India: A Practical Guide for Retail Investors
by sandhyarajora1 Jul 2026
Investing · Momentum · Rule-Based Strategies · Indian Markets The Way Most of Us Think About Investing Most people enter the stock market believing the real money comes from finding something early. The hidden small-cap nobody is discussing yet. The stock tip before it becomes public. The “next multibagger” before finance creators start making thumbnails ...
Factor Investing in India: A Practical, No-Jargon Guide for Indian Investors (2026)
by sandhyarajora4 Jun 2026
Key Takeaways Factor investing removes emotion from every investment decision Works on pre-defined filters: value, momentum, quality, low volatility No single factor wins every year — that is just how markets work Mixing two or three factors cuts your risk without killing your returns Start with one factor. You can always complicate it later. It ...
What Is Rule Based Investing?: A Complete Guide for Indian Investors (2026)
by sandhyarajora2 Jun 2026
Rule based investing uses fixed, data driven criteria instead of emotion to pick stocks. Learn how factor investing, momentum strategies and backtesting work. Most Indian investors do not lose money because they are bad at maths. They lose money because they are human. The moment markets fall 8 percent in a week, fear takes over ...
